It’s typically called their intranet. It’s a local network that can function just like the internet but is limited to local access or people who remotely log in.
They can be set up in a multitude of ways but most operate on private/restricted IP addresses. https://www.arin.net/reference/research/statistics/address_filters/
It’s access normally. These addresses are reserved that’s why you’ll never find someone with an Internet IP address in the 192.x.x.x range. If someone does say that’s their IP then they’re only looking at their local network IP.
At this point pretty much all homes run a private internet. That’s how you can have multiple devices on the same public IP address.
It’s kinda like how apartments have numbers but also share a main address. Think of apartments as computers in a local network and their street address as their internet IP address.
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