I was looking at an electric heater and it seems to be just some red hot wire and a fan, how can it get so hot without triggering the circuit breaker? Is it a big load? Is it something like the little filament on a lightbulb?
They have appropriate resistance. Plus when wire heats up, its resistance increases. So the wire is selected in such way, that when it reaches its operating temperature it draws designed amount of power.
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