Atoms are super small, way too small for the scales we know how to make. So, if we have 10g of some element, that’s a whole bunch of atoms. But, 10g of carbon is also a lot more atoms than 10g or iron. To compensate for this, it’s necessary to name a number of atoms. Like a “dozen” is a certain number of eggs. With atoms, a dozen is still too small, so the named number is a mol. A mol of carbon atoms weighs the atomic weight of carbon (12.011 g). The number in a mol is Avogadro’s Number, like 12 in a dozen.
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