This isn’t really an ELI5able theorem, because the confusion isn’t *what* you can do but *why* you can do it (and that requires a couple years of advanced mathematics). The what is simply that, under certain logical assumptions that are usually made by mathematicians, you can “cut” (I use scare quotes because the “cut” isn’t anything close to a nice curve) a sphere into finitely many parts, then reassemble those parts into two identical spheres. This makes absolutely no intuitive sense, but that’s pretty common for infinite mathematics.
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