Think of correlation as two things being ASSOCIATED with each other, but not necessarily one causing the other.
For example, shoe size is correlated with age. As one increases, the other does too (to a point anyway). But you would not make a conclusion that having big feet caused one to age! You would however make the conclusion that one’s increasing foot size is ASSOCIATED with growing/aging.
I recently read an article that stated that use of sleeping pills caused symptoms of dementia for many people. It was erroneous because the data showed that there was an association between sleeping pill use and dementia symptoms, but not proof of cause. As it turns out, sleeping poorly (leading to seeking sleeping pill use) could have been the cause of the dementia since it does damage to one’s memory and cognition, but the data would show either of these things to be associated with it.
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