If they knew the earth rotated, then they could assume that noon happened at different times at different locations. But did they have a way to prove this without being able to travel or communicate fast enough to observe the effects?
In: Mathematics
For most of history, the local time is what the sundial said. There wasn’t much of a need for standard times because news took days to travel long distances. Nothing that went between towns was being measured to the hour or minute. It changed when trains were able to cover long distances in a few hours to a day. Standard times were established to help manage traffic on the tracks.
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