Vitamins in a multi-vitamin pill can be used by the body, so, in that sense, they work.
However, because you need such tiny amounts of them and they are found in most foods, very few people have diets bad enough that their body needs extra vitamins beyond what they already get from eating food.
Taking extra vitamins when you already get plenty in your food does absolutely nothing to improve health. The vitamins that dissolve easily in water are simply peed out. The ones that dissolve in fat tend to hand around longer. Too much of certain vitamins can be harmful, but most vitamin pills don’t have enough that you will get sick from them if you take them according to the directions on the label.
The old adage that vitamin pills don’t make you healthier, but make your piss more nutritious is pretty accurate.
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