So caffeine fits well enough in your adenosine receptors that it blocks them. Your body freaks out a little bit from this and boosts Dopamine and Adrenaline production which is where the “extra” energy comes from. However your body never stops producing Adenosine which is the hormone (or chemical I can’t remember) that tells your body it’s tired, so when the caffeine stops blocking those receptors you get the sudden rush of tired that colloquially is referred to as “The Crash”. So caffeine doesn’t necessarily give you more energy it just makes you feel more alert and happy through trickery.
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