When you donate blood, your blood gets separated into components: red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and cryoprecipitate. This is done by a centrifuge, which you can google. Doctors can order transfusions of each of these components separately depending on a patients’ specific needs. Most commonly, red blood cells are what’s needed. They don’t contain DNA (well, technically they might contain a tiny trace that withstood separation, but it’s basically inconsequential).
We don’t transfuse white blood cells. Those are the only ones that contain DNA. They mostly get siphoned off and used for research and stuff, or tossed out.
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