We used to think space and time were separate, that changing the parameters of one doesn’t affect the other. Einstein proved this incorrect, twice. First, Special Relativity (1905) proved that time dilates for fast-moving reference frames. Second, General Relativity (1915) proved that time itself warps and bends around massive objects. We now refer to the two combined as spacetime.
Think of it this way. You’re invited to a dinner at a friend’s house. You know where your friend lives, easy. That’s space, three dimensions. But you can’t just show up whenever. You need to ask your friend when you’re allowed to show up. That’s a fourth coordinate, time.
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