There are twelve basic notes, but it’s common to only use seven of them at a time. Different combinations of seven out of those twelve notes are the different keys.
Now, it also turns out that even if you use seven notes, which one of the seven you start or end changes how the combination sounds. So, for instance, if I play A B C D E F G and then end on an A, it sounds sad. But if I play C D E F G A B and end on C, it sounds happy. The former sad sound is called a minor key and the happy one is called major. Every
Combination of seven notes can made major or minor (or something else) depending on which you start and end on.
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