ELI5- Do muscles grow and physically appear during a workout or do the effects take place in the time afterwards?

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I’ve wondered this for so long but don’t know how to articulate it well and also feel like it’s potentially a very dumb question but thought this would be a good place to ask it.

Essentially- while I’m working out, are the muscles building themselves during that time or is it a situation where you’d be able to see the effects afterwards like in the coming days? I hope that makes sense.

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