Do quieter sounds travel at the same speed but for less distance?
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To a first approximation (if you’re assuming an ideal gas, which is a good approximation for a lot of gasses like air), yes. But that is not totally true- there is also a [frequency dependence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_sound#:~:text=The%20dependence%20on%20frequency%20and,Hz%20it%20is%20relatively%20constant.). It’s generally insignificant, but it is there.
In air, the speed of sound increases by ~0.1 m/s if you change the frequency from 10 Hz to 100 Hz, for instance. A pretty negligible change, compared to the ~333 m/s approximation.
It also depends on what type of sound you’re talking about. In gases like air, there is only one type of sound wave. But in say, solids, sound (vibrations) has 2 types of waves. These can have different speeds.
>Do quieter sounds travel at the same speed but for less distance?
Yep. They dissipate faster, because they have less energy.
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