eli5: exchange particles and bosons

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how do exchange particles work? and are bosons = exchange particles?

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>are bosons = exchange particles?

All exchange particles are bosons, but there are other bosons (for example atom cores can be). Bosons are all particles with whole numbered spins. The other option are Fermions with half-numbered spins (electrons, quarks)

>how do exchange particles work?

They transmit a force. We know several forces that particles can exhibit on each other. They can’t influence each other faster than light, so they send these forces outwards like waves. Because of the wave/particle duality waves ARE particles for such small systems. So it doesn’t matter if you refer to the electromagnetic force as an EM wave or a Photon, it describes the same thing. The particle is basically a small ripple of forcefield travelling.