It doesn’t know as much as follows the light. If you look at old growth, especially tighter, you’ll see a lot of small, or leafless branches and parts thereof, as they fail to absorb sunlight. Basically the tree needs Sun, so it won’t grow in too shady spots. You could plant two trees next to each other, intermingle their branches and in short order, you’d notice these branches would be less full, less growth and turn into essentially just sticks.
It’s not an intelligent, “Oops, it’s dark here,” as much as the underperforming leaves just die.
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