Eli5: How are they able to make transistors so extremely small?

Question

Eli5: How are they able to make transistors so extremely small?

In: 11

Answer 1

They use a process called photolithography where silicon wafers are etched using lasers. The silicon wafers are coated with a chemcial called a photoresist which is sensitive to UV light. The circuits are then projected on to the wafer uisng UV light which changes the electrical characteristics of that area of silicon