The anchor doesn’t hold the ship, the chain does. People think of the anchor as holding the full force of the ship and the chain just being a connection, but the weight of the chain actually does most of the work. The anchor just helps getting the chain out and in place, basically.
When dropping anchor, ships drop around 5x the depth worth of chain.
The anchor keeps the chain from getting pulled sideways, but when you pull straight up, the anchor comes out relatively easily.
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