Like dry leaves or shapes of animals. How do they know what to mimic??
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It’s natural selection mixed with organisms that have relatively small generations and there for more chances for mutation. Before an environment changes. This allowed them to be very specific. Evolution arises from random mutations. If the mutation happens to benefit the organism the new trait will be passed on. In the case of insects, they have many eggs and their generations go by much faster than other organisms. This gives them a much greater incidence of mutation, and that means they can respond to the environments they live in fairly fast relative to say mammals. Overtime, this can lead to extreme specialization.
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