A peregrine falcon only weighs about 2 lbs. The forces on a 2 lb bird are just not that high compared to the strength of their body. And if you watch videos of them attacking, they seem to have leveled out a bit before the actual strike. In this video, at about the 2:10 mark, you can see the falcon who has leveled out, and the kill strike is actually horizontal, so it should beg going much slower that 200mph at this time. The 200mph dive is just used to perform an ambush.
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