Eli5 how do cables and devices work regarding charging/ data transfer speed?

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For my 2 examples

Why would for example is thunderbolt faster than usb 2? Aren’t they both just copper with a rubber case?

Why is hdmi faster and carry more info that vga if they are both basically strands of copper?

Are these performance differences more related to the tech in the devices and not the cables? If so aren’t they made with the same materials as devices from decades ago?

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2 Answers

Anonymous 0 Comments

The wire is rated at a certain speed because of insulation and number of wires and the transmission protocol that sends signals along the wire, and where the port on the PC is connected to, how close it is to the CPU or if it has to travel through farther route through the PC motherboard to get to the CPU.

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