All air has water vapour dissolved in it – that’s what humidity is. The warmer air is, the more water vapour it can hold.
A humidifier takes in warm, moist air from the room. It blows it over a cold coil, and that cools the air down. When the air cools down, it can no longer hold as much water vapour, so some of the water vapour condenses out of the air, so the coil ends up coated in droplets of water. Gravity makes those water droplets fall into a collection bowl, and you periodically empty the bowl down your sink.
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