eli5 How do economies grow? Who grows them?
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They usually measure economies in GDP – basically the total of everything that’s produced in a country within a year. So to increase that the country’s workers either become more productive (better machines, factories, IT, other productivity improvements) or the country has immigration. Both make the economy bigger but only the former makes the country wealthier. I guess a third option for growing the economy would be conquest (i.e. annexing parts of other countries) but that doesn’t happen that much anymore.
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