Here’s the FAA’s ‘textbook’ for prospective balloon pilots: https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/FAA-H-8083-11.pdf
Warm air is less dense. Things float in fluids when they are less dense due to buoyancy. Hot air balloons have basically up and down controls.
Balloons can also be tethered to the ground with a rope.
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