If you had 2 countries that signed a peace treaty/agreement between each other, and one of those countries chose to declara war on a third different country… is the other country in the peace treaty forced to back them as allies or are their hands washed since the other broke peace even against a different country?
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So A signed a peace treaty with B and then declared war on C. Assuming the treaty is just declaring that the war between A and B is over, it has no bearing on A attacking C. However, countries are sovereign entities; they can do what they want. Maybe B wants something from C; they could take advantage of A’s attack to also attack C (Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in WWII), or extort some concessions from C in exchange for helping C defend against A. Or maybe B wasn’t happy about the peace with A, so while A is busy, B attacks A again.
There are no rules for this, because countries are sovereign; they can do what they want. The only thing that matters is the consequences. If B attacks A, other countries might think B is untrustworthy and refuse to do business with them, or maybe ally against B to protect themselves. A will certainly think B has betrayed their trust, while C might appreciate B’s interference and become friendlier to B. It’s up to B to decide whether the benefits are worth the consequences.
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