There are many copies hosted all over the world and people will tend to connect to a nearby server. There are companies that do this as their primary service, with “Akamai” probably being the most well known. They are well known for this kind of thing, but not the only one.
Very big companies like Valve, Google, Microsoft, Netflix, etc are in a position to offer this themselves as well, just having a worldwide presence of various server locations. You are directed to download from the nearest server and it just performs well since the distances involved tend to be fairly small.
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