Eli5: How do they get the nutritional values for the nutrition information tables on food packaging?

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Not sure if every country has this but a nutrition table is provided for every single packaged food product in my country, it made me curious as to how this information is derived.

To add onto this, how accurate is it? I find it hard to believe every single packet of chips of a specific brand contains the exact same amount of carbs

Thanks!

In: Chemistry