How does adding a compensator at the end of the gun reduce recoil?
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When you fire a gun, recoil pushes it straight back. However, because a gun’s grip is (usually) below the axis of the barrel, this usually causes the gun to pivot upward.
Firing a gun also causes a load of hot gas to fly out the barrel (along with the bullet) and a compensator or muzzle brake works by redirecting some of these gasses to affect the recoil. In some situations, the gasses are reflected straight backwards or out both sides, which reduces recoil overall, and sometimes they are directed upwards in order to counteract the pivoting described above.
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