A very specific kind of mold produces penicillin as a defense mechanism against bacteria. Just like how others produce substances that are toxic to us, or how chilis produce capsaicine to defend against insects.
I think you could eat the mold in the correct amount and get the same effect on bacteria, but propably some other effects too because penicillin is not the only substance they make.
So to get pure penicillin you just let the mold grow and then seperate the penicillin out of it.
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