The magic is called “multiplexing”. You have one wire with a series of signals arriving one after the other. The multiplexer is then like a junction with one input wire and many output wires. A control signal switches wich output is on to route the input in that direction.
In the case of a screen it simply has to sequencially send signals to each pixel one after the other. The pixels themselves are pretty much little LEDs with a small driver that takes the digital input signal and converts it to an analog power to make the pixel light up that much. Each pixel is made from 3 subpixels responsible for Red/green/blue so you can mix every colour from that.
Together these two systems turn a stream of digital signal that only switches between on/off quickly but encoding different numbers into a full picture on a screen.
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