The exposed film and special light is used to expose photo paper to the image. Then the photo paper is treated with chemicals to cause the exposed parts of the paper to change and the image ireveals itself. During these processes the film turns into, or is transferred onto a negative and that is usually included with your photos. The negatives can be used to make more copies of the photos on photo paper.
SmarterEveryday did a good walk thru of a small scale film processing lab and I’m sure others go thru the process on YouTube if you want further detail. The American Innovation podcast did a great series dramatizing the events of how the modern film camera came to be.
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