Eli5: How does a speedometer work in a car?

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Another question would also be what’s the difference between wheel speed and vehicle speed?

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There can be some considerable differences in wheel speed from vehicle speed. Differences in diameter as well as turning can give you each wheel operating at a different speed, I’ve seen ~3mph difference from the inner most and outer most wheels during a turn at full lock. To break it down even further, lets I say I replaced 2 tires on my car while the other 2 are old and worn. This would make 2 tires have a larger diameter and thus a larger circumference. Because some are smaller then the others they have to perform more rotation to cover the same distance, more rotations for the same distance = fater rotational speed. Same idea while turning. The farther outside wheels will create a larger circle than the inner ones, but because the whole car is moving at the same speed, the wheels on the bigger circle cover more ground in the same period of time and thus are moving faster.

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