It works the same way any other programming languages work, just at a lot more basic level.
Assembly language is the closest you can get to how computers work while still being human readable, it directly translates to straight up numbers. Each line in assembly translates to a cpu instruction.
These are extremely basic operations that involve logic like other code (although more basic), basic math, or stuff like moving memory around. Something like adding 2 not numbers together could be as much as 4 lines of code (I’m not exaggerating). You have to do every little thing, like moving information from memory into the cpu and back.
Assembly is cpu specific so different cpus could have different commands.
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