Eli5: How does radioactivity kill/mutate the body?

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Apologies if the tag is wrong!

From what I understand, the radiation doesn’t do squat untill it’s ionized. The way it was explained to me is that the Radiation is the knife, while the ionization is the hand weilding the knife.

So how does it affect the body? I know it does something to our DNA but what does it do specifically?

Bonus Question: What did scifi writers assume Gamma Ray’s would do to Bruce Banner to make him the Hulk, as opposed to what it does IRL and just… kill you.

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Anonymous 0 Comments

Imagine a jenga tower with a few blocks removed. Thats your dna.

Ionizing radiation is like a small ball flying at fast speed at that tower. (And its actually a repeating wall of balls but lets keep it simple)

Now alpha radiation is like a ball bearing,heavy going quite fast, but not from far distances before it hits the ground. However if it hits, its gunna smash up the tower, the tower may still stand but it could fall to bits. But either way the jenga tower is going to be in half. The tower is your dna in a cell and it probably wont live afterwards.

Beta radiation is like a pellet gun much faster but smaller. Each pellet may knock out a block, but it may take a few hits to take the tower down…but it could be hit just right and fall. But that one block may have also been super critical to the tower being a tower.

Gamma radiation is like a really high powered laser or really fast small bullet. It will hit and burn through a block on the tower and keep going. Being exposed for long enough puts enough holes in so many blocks the whole tower is Swiss cheese and it collapses.

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