Eli5: How does radioactivity kill/mutate the body?

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Apologies if the tag is wrong!

From what I understand, the radiation doesn’t do squat untill it’s ionized. The way it was explained to me is that the Radiation is the knife, while the ionization is the hand weilding the knife.

So how does it affect the body? I know it does something to our DNA but what does it do specifically?

Bonus Question: What did scifi writers assume Gamma Ray’s would do to Bruce Banner to make him the Hulk, as opposed to what it does IRL and just… kill you.

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Anonymous 0 Comments

radiation shreds the strands of DNA causing cells to be unable to function and rot away creating wounds that cant heal. what usually kills at high dose is internal bleeding from the intestines dissolving. The bone marrow which makes blood and the immune system are also very sensitive. And having no immune system plus wounds that cant heal isnt very good. At lower doses it can also turn cells into cancer. Sunburns are radiation burns and increase the risk of cancer.

UV, beta and alpha have low penetration and are stopped by clothes. As long as you dont eat the source there not that dangerous. X, gamma and neutrons penetrate deep. Neutrons also turn the things they hit radioactive but are only made by reactors.

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