You will need to be more specific if you want a concrete instance explained.
Generally speaking, there are many ways to say “here’s the sound X makes” for things that we don’t usually associate with a sound.
Sometimes it’s taking extremely low amplitude (volume) vibrations and turning them way up, after removing the background noise that normally obscures them. A large number of things make vibrations that are technically in the audible spectrum but are too low amplitude (too quiet) for us to hear.
Sometimes it’s shifting the pitch as you mentioned.
Sometimes it’s taking a different kind of wave – e.g. radio waves is common when people talk about “sounds of stars” – and “translating” them, typically by just using sounds of the same frequency.
Sometimes it’s a combination of the above.
And of course, sometimes it’s just fake.
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