[ELI5] How does voltage device according to resistance on a circuit?

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I’m in electrical school and we’re learning about series circuits and I was just randomly thinking about voltage drop across devices and was wondering how does electricity “know” to not have the voltage drop to zero at the first device in a series circuit and to drop the voltage according to its individual value of resistance compared to the total resistance of the circuit and divide it accordingly across every device on the circuit until it reaches zero.

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They share a resistance value. If the resistance is the same in both in testing you would find half and half of the voltage needed to power each unit. While the output of the second element you should find 0volts. The outlet or ground side of the first you would see 120v if grounded and working properly.

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