eli5 how invasive species make their way across oceans,for example certain beetles coming from Japan to the US
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The vast majority of the time they hitch a ride on boats. Either some cargo or ship was infested/tainted or some person brought it over deliberately and things got out of hand.
For example, tumbleweeds are not native to the US, they are in fact from russia. They arrived in the US around 1870 because their seeds make their way into *everything,* such as the flax whose seeds were extracted, sold, bought, and shipped to south dakota. Then when the flax was planted so were the tumbleweeds which spread all over the great plains and american southwest in just a few years.
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