For example, say 100 people each read / sang an identical passage into a recorder. It seems as though the frequency, amplitude etc that is captured wouldn’t anywhere near specific/precise enough the be accurately represented when played back. I.e what variables are at play that allow us to easily discern the 100 distinct voices when replayed? Thanks!
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Do you understand Fourier Transforms? It is a big part of audio compression. Our voices are distinct to us because our hearing has finely tuned itself to the range of sounds we are capable of making for communication. The people who could hear and produce sounds in this range communicated and then were able to procreate better.
As far as the actual recording, you’d have to reference a specific codec, because each is slightly different. mp3 is a “lossy” algorithm that cuts sound outside the range of “normal” hearing. MPEG-4 is a “lossless” format thay uses more computing, but can code down 50-60% of the data using something very close to Fourier Transforms with a correction factor.
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