eli5 How is it that things on earth can be “hotter than the surface of the sun”? If the sun is giving energy to basically everything on earth, wouldn’t any earth-item or organism only be able to mimic a fraction of the sun’s energy/power output?

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eli5 How is it that things on earth can be “hotter than the surface of the sun”? If the sun is giving energy to basically everything on earth, wouldn’t any earth-item or organism only be able to mimic a fraction of the sun’s energy/power output?

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You can collect energy and then dump it into an object really fast, and for a short period it can get very hot. Energy can come from various non-sun sources.

Even a bolt of lightning is hotter than the surface of the sun. https://www.weather.gov/safety/lightning-temperature The important part of that is that a large amount of energy builds up and is discharged very quickly.

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