eli5 – How is space cold?

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How is space “cold” when it’s a vacuum? Isn’t temperature transferred between mass? If anything, shouldn’t you overheat when in a vacuum, because your body generates heat?

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Technically, “space” isn’t cold, it lacks thermal energy entirely. What we call “space” actually does have some matter in it, but it’s very spread out.

When you put an object in space, it loses thermal energy by radiating it as infrared light. As long as the object is not exposed to sunlight (or any other source of thermal energy) it *will* gradually cool down but it will take hours to days for it to drop below freezing and longer still to reach almost absolute zero.

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