It isn’t necessarily. It’s normally enacted in response to mass chaos and violence, which already isn’t good for an economy. But you can have a military dictatorship under martial law grow an economy if that is their goal. After the Korean War, South Korea had a military coup with General Park Chung-hee taking over as ruthless dictator, declaring martial law. But he did stabilize the country, and there was massive economic growth under his rule.
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