Scales are collections of notes that sound good together. If you start by picking a scale, you can find some interesting patterns of notes within the scales that can work as melody parts. Then, music theory can guide the selection of backing parts (harmonizations, chords, etc.) that will sound good with the notes in that scale.
From the perspective of writing a new song, the key bit is finding that “interesting pattern of notes,” which is fundamentally about trying things out and being creative.
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