All a defibrillator does is to stop fibrillation. Fibrillation is a chaotic situation where each bit of heart muscle is contracting to its own rhythm, not in step with the rest to produce an effective pumping action. The shock halts those contractions and hopefully the signal coming from the internal pacemaker cells takes over the rhythm.
Think of it like an orchestra. In fibrillation, the conductor may be on the podium waving their baton but player is doing their own thing, playing different sections of the score at different speeds. The outcome is a cacophony of sound. The defib shock sort of shouts “STOP!” and stuns everyone to silence for amoment and then they all pick up their cue from the conductor, resulting in proper music again.
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