Eli5: If the ocean moderates temperatures and prevents extreme cold or extreme heat, why is the arctic ocean so cold?

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I just find it strange haha

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Anonymous 0 Comments

The ocean has a huge capacity to store heat, and releases it at a relatively steady rate. This does a lot to even out temperatures between night and day, and summer and winter. The ocean also has currents, [which go from hot places to cold places and vice versa](https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/ocean-current-keeps-europe-warm-weakening-180968784/), which evens out temperatures geographically. Like the article says, Western Europe is as warm as it is due to a warm current bringing heat from South America.

Anyway, [the Arctic ocean is mostly surrounded by land, and only gets one warm input current, the same one that went by western Europe](https://www.whoi.edu/know-your-ocean/ocean-topics/how-the-ocean-works/ocean-circulation/arctic-ocean-circulation/). And being at the pole and covered by ice and snow, there isn’t a lot of sunlight to warm up the water either.

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