You’ve gotten your answers, but let me just point out that there is a flaw in your premise.
“Vitamins are essential to human life” does not mean “All things essential to human life are vitamins.” You’ve committed this fallacy in your reasoning.
To answer the other part of your question, yes, salt (or rather sodium and chlorine) is necessary for human life. So are many other elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Iodine, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Sodium, and Chlorine are the ones I was taught in school. For the most part we get these elements from more complex molecules like vitamins and amino acids, and they tend to be pretty easy to come by. Iodine tends to be somewhat of an outlier and the diets of some groups historically had a deficiency of Iodine, which is why table salt in many countries is “iodized.” It’s been fortified with Iodine to help prevent Iodine deficiency.
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