eli5: Is there such a concept as adding essential vitamins and minerals to potable water? If so, does it happen in a large scale anywhere in the world?
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Calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate can be added to potable water, generally without much issues, except it makes hard water deposits and stains worse. Tap water in some areas, especially water for wells with low oxygen, may contain iron. The disadvantage is that causes rust stains on sinks, showers, and toilets. Also causes a bit of unpleasant metallic taste, although one cat get used it. However this isn’t generally enough iron to fulfill the full daily requirements. Likewise with calcium.
Of course a lot of people get water softeners in their house for the purpose of removing most such minerals.
The main issue with adding other kinds of nutrients is that would encourage the growth of microorganisms, forming a biofilm on the inside of pipes. That could then harbor pathogenic bacteria. They would also react with chlorination in tap water, which would defeate the purpose of both chlorination and the stated nutrients.
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