At least for one bird, the flamingo, its legs actually have a kind of “locking” mechanism which enables all the joints to be stabilized without requiring any muscle activity. So it actually takes essentially no energy at all for them to stand that way – just as a table doesn’t need any energy to stand on its legs either. This locking mechanism only “activates” when they’re in this one-leg-tucked stance, which is how they sleep.
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