eli5: Prior to actual imagery from space, how did scientists know what distant objects looked like?

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Was it I’m a math equation? Was it a wild guess?

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Anonymous 0 Comments

Humans have had eyeballs since before science was science.

Our ancestors could see the sun and moon in the sky and also the stars – and they could also see some of the planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter) but called them “wandering stars” because they seemed to follow strange paths in the sky compared to regular stars which were more or less stationary.

Eventually, folks invented glass lenses and telescopes and scientists finally got to take a better look at the “wandering stars” and see that they were actually just round orbs like the Moon. (And as telescopes got even better they also were able to see that some of those planets had tiny moons of their own, and that there were more planets like Neptune and Uranus.)

But, other than what we could see with our eyes and telescopes, nobody had any idea what kinds of distant objects might even exist.

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