Eli5 Underwater caves with air

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How are there caves deep underground with air pockets? How does the water not fill into it? And if a person “lived” down there would the breathable air run out?

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> And if a person “lived” down there would the breathable air run out?

Assuming there’s really no link to the outside, then yes, it would. You breathe in air, and breathe out carbon dioxide. Trees absorb carbon dioxide and produce breathable air, it’s why they’re called the lungs of the world. So in a tiny space like that, you’d eventually run out of air.

You can see this in action by lighting a candle and putting a glass over it. Fire consumes oxygen in order to burn, so when it runs out of oxygen in that small container, it’s extinguished.

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