Eli5: what are calories?

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I get that is has something to do with energy, but so do a lot of things.

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A calorie is the amount of energy needed to heat 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius (I think it’s specifically from 24-25 C). In foor, usually we refer to kcal as calories, but they’re kilocalories, which is the energy to heat 1 litre of water by 1 degree. So it’s just a measure of the energy stored in food (originally food calories were measured by burning them and recording the temp water was heated by over it). I know some people question the usefulness of calories as a unit for food because it’s scientific use (energy to heat water) and everyday use (content of food) seem too different

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